Synthesis and Sunscreen Activity of Calix[4]resorcinarene Derivative as a Novel Organic UV-Filter Agent: A Halal Perspective
Keywords:
Calix[4]resorcinarene, Sunscreen, Sun Protection Factors (SPF), UV protection, Halal cosmeticAbstract
Exposure to excessive solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation can trigger various skin disorders such as premature aging, hyperpigmentation, and even skin cancer. This research aims to synthesize C-Cinnamalcalix[4]resorcinarene that possesses sunscreen activity. C-Cinnamalcalix[4]resorcinarene was designed as a potent sunscreen agent and successfully synthesized via a reflux reaction between cinnamaldehyde and resorcinol, using HCl as the acid catalyst. The synthesis achieved a high yield of 86.89%. The successful formation of C-Cinnamalcalix[4]resorcinarene was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy, which showed the disappearance of the carbonyl (C=O) absorption band from cinnamaldehyde, alongside the appearance of the C-Hsp3 stretching vibration (methine bridge) at 2922.23 cm−1, supported by the bending vibration at 1431 cm−1. Furthermore, 1H-NMR analysis confirmed the structure by displaying signals corresponding to hydroxyl, aromatic, vinylic, and methine bridge protons as the main product. The synthesized C-Cinnamalcalix[4]resorcinarene compound exhibited significant sunscreen activity with an SPF value of 38±2.84, classifying it as ultra-protection. Thus, the C-Cinnamalcalix[4]resorcinarene compound holds great potential as a new organic-based sunscreen agent. From a halal science standpoint, the synthesis pathway and materials including cinnamaldehyde, resorcinol, and HCl are of non-animal, non-najis, and permissible origin. Therefore, C-Cinnamalcalix[4]resorcinarene can be categorized as a halal compliant organic UV filter candidate for potential application in halal cosmetic formulations.References
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